Rishiri-Rebun-Sarobetsu National Park is a key refuge for many endangered flora and fauna.
On Mount Rishiri, you can see Sakhalin fir, Erman's birch and green alder forests at elevations over 500 meters, and Japanese stone pine and endemic alpine flora like the Rishiri hinageshi above 1,100 meters. Rebun Island is home to endemic plants such as the Rebun atsumoriso and Rebun usuyukiso. The lush Sarobetsu Plain is awash with wetland flowers like the mountain cranberry and sundew.
The park is also a vital waypoint for migratory birds, including the bean goose and whistling swan, and home to creatures such as the Eurasian least shrew and viviparous lizards.